One of the most unexpected and remarkable events in Azerbaijan’s international relations was the visit of Somali President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud. This move sparked interest among both experts and the general public, as relations between the two countries had previously lacked significant dynamism.
However, considering Baku’s strategy of establishing contacts with African countries such as Egypt, Algeria, and Tunisia, it becomes evident that cooperation with Somalia could serve as a starting point for further strengthening Azerbaijan’s position in the Central and East African region.
A New Chapter in International Initiatives
This visit signals an expansion of Baku’s economic and political ties on the African continent. However, this is not a case of traditional expansion but rather an effort to build partnerships based on the principles of mutually beneficial cooperation, aligning with the spirit of the Non-Aligned Movement.
Somalia presents Azerbaijan with opportunities for investment in various sectors, including oil extraction, port infrastructure development, and agriculture. Notably, this cooperation is taking place within the framework of Azerbaijani-Turkish interaction, which could strengthen Turkic influence in the region and offer an alternative to traditional players such as the United States, France, China, and Russia.
Security Challenges and Economic Prospects
Despite ongoing threats in Mogadishu, the situation is gradually stabilizing. In recent years, the number of incidents related to terrorist groups has decreased, opening new opportunities for international engagement. In February of this year, the United States resumed operations in the northern regions of Somalia, which may contribute to strengthening the central government’s control.
Against this backdrop, the Somali leader’s visit to Baku was timely. Historical experience suggests that pioneers in unstable regions often gain strategic advantages. Azerbaijan, leveraging its expertise in the oil and gas sector, could secure a crucial role in developing local resources. In particular, SOCAR is considering investment opportunities in hydrocarbon exploration and production under favorable conditions.
Additionally, cooperation in transport and logistics infrastructure is on the agenda. Azerbaijan already has experience in these areas in other regions, making the successful implementation of projects in East Africa a realistic prospect. The development of port infrastructure in Somalia could help strengthen trade relations and create new routes for freight transportation.
Cooperation in Defense and Infrastructure
Beyond economic aspects, the Somali delegation’s visit resulted in the signing of a defense cooperation agreement. Azerbaijan’s experience in modernizing its military industry and armed forces could be beneficial for Somalia, particularly in terms of strengthening its defense capabilities and combating terrorist threats.
Azerbaijan’s defense industry, which has been developing since the 2010s, produces a wide range of military equipment, including armored vehicles, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), and firearms. Joint projects in this sector could play a crucial role in enhancing Somalia’s defense potential.
Moreover, the two sides discussed possible investments in infrastructure development, including ports and the agricultural sector. Azerbaijan has already demonstrated interest in self-sufficient agriculture and could transfer this expertise to Somalia. Agricultural projects may also involve cooperation in water resource management and irrigation systems, which are key factors in ensuring food security.
Economic Presence in Africa
In recent years, Azerbaijan’s trade turnover with African countries has been showing steady growth, confirming the relevance of this strategic direction. Azerbaijani products are becoming more in demand, and the trade balance favors exports. A successful example of expanded cooperation is the recent signing of a memorandum of understanding with Ethiopia, further illustrating Baku’s consistent approach to African diplomacy.
Azerbaijan views Africa as a promising market not only in terms of energy but also in high technology, logistics, and construction. Engagement with regions rich in natural resources also opens opportunities for establishing joint ventures and mutually beneficial investments.
Particularly noteworthy is the fact that Azerbaijan and Turkey are coordinating their efforts in this region. The recent diplomatic crisis between Somalia and Ethiopia was resolved with Turkish mediation, demonstrating Ankara’s growing influence and that of its allies in Africa. In this regard, Baku and Ankara’s interaction in East Africa can be compared to their cooperation in Syria.
Conclusions and Future Prospects
Thus, Azerbaijan’s growing presence in Africa, including its cooperation with Somalia, is part of a comprehensive strategy to expand economic and diplomatic ties. This process is supported by investment initiatives, expertise in the energy sector, and military cooperation, as well as Azerbaijan’s partnership with Turkey. In the long term, Baku could become a key player in several African countries, using a multi-faceted approach to cooperation.
In the future, bilateral projects in trade, transport, and information technology may expand, positioning Azerbaijan as one of the key partners for African nations on the international stage.
